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Indoor Vacuum Circuit Breaker is a key switching device widely used in indoor medium and low voltage power systems. Its core feature is the use of vacuum as the arc-extinguishing and insulating medium, which can connect/disconnect circuits during normal operation and quickly cut off current in case of faults (such as short circuits), thus playing a role in controlling and protecting the power system.
The core component of a vacuum circuit breaker is the Vacuum Interrupter, whose interior is evacuated to an extremely high vacuum degree (usually below 10⁻⁴ Pa). When the circuit breaker opens, an arc is generated as the moving and static contacts separate. However, due to the almost complete absence of gas molecules in the vacuum, the arc cannot sustain combustion (lacking ionizing medium), and the high insulating strength of the vacuum rapidly extinguishes the arc, enabling reliable breaking. This arc-extinguishing method requires no additional arc-extinguishing media (such as oil or SF₆ gas), making its safety and stability significantly superior to traditional circuit breakers.
1.Vacuum Interrupter: The core component, composed of a sealed ceramic or glass shell, moving and static contacts, a shield, etc., responsible for arc extinguishing and insulation.
2.Operating Mechanism: The power device driving the contacts to open and close, with common types including spring operating mechanisms (most widely used, featuring reliable operation and low energy consumption) and electromagnetic operating mechanisms.
3.Insulating Support: Supports the interrupter and conductive parts, typically made of epoxy resin or porcelain materials to ensure insulation to the ground.
4.Conductive Circuit: Includes incoming terminals, outgoing terminals, and contact connections, responsible for current conduction.
5.Housing/Frame: Protects internal components, usually made of metal or insulating materials, adapted to indoor environments.
1.Strong Arc-Extinguishing Capability: Arcs in vacuum are extinguished extremely quickly (in milliseconds), with large breaking capacity, enabling reliable interruption of short-circuit currents.
2.Long Service Life: Mechanical life can exceed 10,000-50,000 operations, and electrical life (number of short-circuit breaking operations) can reach dozens of times, far higher than that of oil circuit breakers.
3.Low Maintenance Requirements: The vacuum interrupter is well-sealed, hardly affected by the environment (such as dust and humidity), and requires no frequent replacement of arc-extinguishing media, resulting in low operation and maintenance costs.
4.Small Size and Light Weight: Compact structure, suitable for installation in narrow indoor spaces (such as distribution rooms and switch cabinets).
5.Environmentally Friendly and Safe: No oil, SF₆ or other greenhouse gases, avoiding risks of fire or environmental pollution.
6.Suitable for Frequent Operations: Ideal for scenarios requiring frequent switching of equipment such as motors and capacitors.
